What is salinity?

soil salinity

What is the effect on the plant?

What is salinity:

Salinity refers to the concentration of salts in water or soil. Natural water contains salts such as sodium, magnesium, calcium, and sodium chloride, which is one of the most common types and is the main component of seawater.

Soil salinity:

The occurrence of a quantitative accumulation of dissolved salts in the area of ​​​​the roots spreading in a concentration that is high to the point that it hinders the optimal growth of the plant and turns the soil sector into an environment unsuitable for the spread of roots.

The dissolved salts usually consist mainly of sodium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and sulfate, and potassium, bicarbonate, nitrate, and boron in a secondary manner.

The process of salt accumulation in the soil is affected by the water balance of the region, and this water balance is also affected by climatic and topographic conditions in addition to human activity.

The effect of salt on the plant

The effect of salt on the plant is summarized in two factors:

high osmotic pressure

 And the cumulative effect of toxic ions

First: When the salts are increased in the soil sector, the osmotic pressure increases in the area of ​​spread of the roots of the plants, and for the plant to resist these unfavorable conditions in the soil solution, the vegetative and vegetative cells of the vegetative and anaerobic plants start with This leads to the plant losing the vital energy needed for its development and growth, which leads to its weakness and lack of productivity.

Second: The cumulative effect of the toxic ions:

The rate of absorption of toxic ions such as chlorine, boron, and sodium through the roots increases in the presence of a high percentage of them in the soil solution, which is called the qualitative effect of salts.

The high percentage of these elements in the leaves of the plant leads to impeding nutrition and absorption of other elements.

Increasing its concentration is also sufficient to cause ionic toxicity to plants, for example, the effect of boron on plants is considered a qualitative effect as it affects the growth of many plants if its concentration is increased from one part of a molar to a molar concentration.

The effect of salinity of irrigation water:

1- The salinity of irrigation water affects the fertility of the soil through the accumulation of dissolved salts on the surface of the soil and in the root zone, according to the type of soil.

2- The use of saline water for irrigation, especially in muddy lands, leads to the demolition of soil structures and makes them less permeable and unventilated.

3- The salinity of the irrigation water affects the productivity of plants, as crops differ in their sensitivity to the salts dissolved in the irrigation water.

If we agree that the percentage of water salinity plays an important role in determining the quality of crops, and thus we maintain the integrity of the soil and the crop.

It remains for us to define our scientific steps before planting:

First: Determining the exact location of the land and knowing the characteristics of the soil in my land to determine the type of crop to be planted to avoid the previous damages of water salts and their effect on the crop soil.

If the percentage of salts in the ground or water is not known, we must resort to scientific methods to find out the percentage of salts through geophysical studies of the layers of the earth

What are exploratory studies (geophysical studies)?

What is the importance of exploratory studies (the geophysical studies)?

Geophysical studies (Jessah):

It is the practical branch of geophysics that uses Earth-specific methods to measure the physical properties of the subsurface layer, as well as the anomalies of these properties, to explore for, or infer their locations, the presence of ore minerals, aquifers, and other geological structures.

The importance of geophysics:

Geophysics is the scientific and studied form of the process of drilling wells, meaning that I take from them

If it was in the water on the earth or not

The water is fresh and not salty, and this percentage of salinity is no

The most suitable place on earth for me to dig in the well

The right depth for the hole